Pediatric Malignancies

Pediatric Malignancies
By:Jan Bazner-Chandler
CPNP,MSN, CNS, RN

Pediatric Malignancies
Causes
* Genetic alteration
* Environmental influences
* No know prevention
* Metastasic disease
Response to Treatment
Classification of Tumors
Cardinal Signs of Cancer
* Unusual mass or swelling
* Unexplained paleness and loss of energy
* Spontaneous bruising
* Prolonged, unexplained fever
* Headaches in morning
* Sudden eye or vision changes
* Excessive – rapid weight loss.
Diagnostic Tests
* X-ray
* Skeletal survey
* CT scan
* Ultrasound
* MRI
* Bone marrow aspiration
Biopsy
* Identify cell to determine type of treatment
Treatment Modalities
* Determined by:
o Type of cancer
o Location
o Extent of disease

Surgery
Radiation Therapy
Chemotherapy
Administration
Goals of Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy Drugs
Bone Marrow Transplant
Gene Therapy
Management of Cancer
Pain Management
Pain Control
Immunosuppression and Infection
Neutropenia
Treatment of Neutropenia
Varicella
Varicella Immunizations
Central Venous Access Devices
CVAD Infection Prevention
Chemotherapy Side Effect
Management of Side Effects
Malnutrition
Nutrition Interventions
Nausea and Vomiting Interventions
Mucositis Interventions
Constipation
Diarrhea
Hair Loss
Psychosocial Support
Growth and Development
Leukemia
Prognosis
Diagnosis
Peripheral Blood Smear
Bone Marrow
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
3 Phase Treatment
Induction Therapy
CNS Therapy
Nursing Interventions
Leukemia Time Line
CNS Tumors
Management
Brain Tumors
Astrocytoma
Large right frontal lobe
neoplasm with small area of necrosis
Hodgkin's Disease
Treatment
Long Term Side Effects
Neuroblastoma
Wilm’s Tumor
CT Scan Wilm’s Tumor
Osteogenic Sarcoma
Osteosarcoma Tumor
Limb Salvage
Ewing Sarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Treatment
Retinoblastoma
Pupil reflex
“Cat Eyes”

Pediatric Malignancies.ppt