Reproductive Pathophysiology

Reproductive Pathophysiology
Presentation by:W. Rose

1. Alterations of Maturation
2. Female system disorders
3. Male system disorders
4. Breast disorders


Reproductive Pathophysiology

1. Alterations of Maturation

Delayed puberty
High LH, FSH: Lack of gonads often due to
genetic defect – 45X, 47XXY etc
Low LH, FSH: disrupted hypothal-pit-gonadal axis.
Anorexia, severe obesity, marijuana, Cushing syn, GnRH deficiency, etc

Precocious puberty
Reproductive Pathophysiology

2. Female system disorders
Hormonal & menstrual
Infection & inflammation
Pelvic relaxation disorders
Benign growths & proliferative disorders
Cancer
Sexual dysfunction
Impaired fertility

Hormonal & menstrual
Primary dysmenorrhea
Primary amenorrhea
Secondary amenorrhea
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Premenstrual syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome
Can cause oligoovulation or anovulation
Most common cause of anovulation in infertile women
Androgen excess typically also seen
Polycystic ovaries
Associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, & overweight
Weight loss helps
Drug therapy:
P.I.D. inflamm due to infection. Any or all pelvic organs.
Various bacteria; go from cervix > uterus > pelvic cavity. Salpingitis=fallopian tubes; oophoritis=ovaries. Can cause infertility, ectopic pregn, chronic pelvic pain, etc; complication rate up with repeat infections.

Vaginitis inflamm due to infection
Cervicitis inflamm due to infection
Vulvitis dermatitis
Bartholinitis
infection causes inflamm, closure of of duct from B.g.; cyst forms
Pelvic relaxation disorders
Uterine prolapse
Vaginal prolapse
Benign growths & proliferative disorders
Benign ovarian cysts
Endometrial polyps
Leiomyomas
Adenomyosis
Endometriosis
Vaginal cancer
Vulvar cancer
Endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma
3. Male system disorders
Urethra
Penis
Scrotum, testis, epididymis
Prostate
Sexual dysfunction
Impaired fertility: low sperm quantity/quality

4. Breast disorders
Female
Galactorrhea
Benign breast conditions
(fibrocystic changes)
Cancer

Male
Gynecomastia
Cancer

Breast Cancer
Most common female ca, 2nd most deadly
Risk factors

Family history. Early menarche, late menopause, late or no 1st pregnancy. Oral contraceptives; estrogen replace w/o progesterone or estrogen replace w/ cyclic progesterone.
Reproductive Pathophysiology.ppt