Holoprosencephaly

Holoprosencephaly
Presentation by: Lindsay Higgins

Holoprosencephaly

* In holoprosencephaly, the prosencephalon fails to cleave down the midline, creating a single cerebral hemisphere and ventricle.
* The severity of holoprosencephaly is related to how completely the frontal regions of the brain are developed. The corpus callosum can be used as an approximate marker of brain development in holoprosencephaly. The further anterior the corupus forms, the better developed the brain.
* Three types: Alobar, Semilobar, and Lobar

Etiology of Holoprosencephaly
* Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
* Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
* Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome)
* Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Holoprosencephaly is the most severe manifestation of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. It is especially associated with alcohol abuse during the first 4 weeks of pregnancy.
* Inherited mutations of genes HPE1, HPE2, HPE3, HPE4, HPE5
* Spontaneous mutations of Sonic Hedgehog Gene, which causes an autosomal dominant form of holoprosencephaly

Types of Holoprosencephaly
Alobar Holoprosencephaly
Semilobar Holoprosencephaly
Lobar Holoprosencephaly
References

Holoprosencephaly .ppt

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Craniofacial Aging Impacts on the Eigenface Biometric

Craniofacial Aging Impacts on the Eigenface Biometric
Presentation by:K. Ricanek Jr., E. Patterson, and E. Boone
University of North Carolina Wilmington
Wilmington, NC

Outline

* Craniofacial Aging
* Craniofacial Morphologic Data Corpus
* Face Biometrics
* Algorithms
o PCA
o PCA+LDA
o Bayesian ML
o Bayesian MAP
* Evaluation
* Results
* Conclusions

Craniofacial Aging
Craniofacial changes continue throughout adulthood.
Craniofacial Morphologic Data Corpus
MORPH Album1
Face Biometrics
Algorithms
Eigenface Biometric
Fisherface Biometric
Bayesian ML and MAP
Evaluation
Conclusions
Craniofacial Aging Impacts on the Eigenface Biometric.ppt

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Craniometry and Functional Craniology

Craniometry and Functional Craniology

Presentation by:
Michael S. Yuan, DDS, MA, PhD

Assistant Professor of Clinical Dentistry
Division of Orthodontics
School of Dental and Oral Surgery
Columbia University

Functional Craniology: Kinematics and Dynamics


Lecture outline

1. Introduction: definition, scope, and objectives
2. Kinematics and dynamics
3. Biomechanics: forces, deformation, stresses, strains
4. Form and Function
5. Bone remodeling and growth directions
6. Moss’ Hypothesis: Functional Matrix Hypothesis
7. Clinical applications

Functional Craniology


Dynamics
Kinematics
The description of measurement.
What is the true meaning of a measurement?
Force Compression, Tension, Shear, Bending, Torsion
Original status

Cranial Sutures

1. Edge-to-edge suture
* No force loading
2. Beveled suture
* Shear force [Squamosal suture]
3. Serrated suture
* Intermittent tension force
4. Beveled and serrated suture
* Intermittent tension and shear force
5. Butt-ended sutures
* Intermittent compressive force

1. Plane (gliding) joint
* Sliding motion of all directions
2. Hinge joint
* Flexion/extension

The Growth of Mandible
The Remodeling (Growth) Direction: The “V” Principle
Drift vs Displacement

Head (craniofacial complex) is a region, where a series of functions are carried out.
These functions include vision, hearing, speech, mastication, swallowing & digestion, respiration, neural integration, and others.
The successful execution of a function requires biomechanical protection and support.
Moss’ craniofacial growth theory:
Function of the craniofacial complex region is performed by the Functional Cranial Components (F.C.C).

Functional Matrix Hypothesis
Types of Functional Matrix
1. Orthodontics
2. Dentofacial Orthopedics and Orthognathic Surgery
3. Craniofacial surgery
Introduction: definition, scope, and objectives

Kinematics and dynamics
Biomechanics: forces, deformation, stresses, strains
Form and Function
Bone remodeling and growth directions
Moss’ Hypothesis: Functional Matrix Hypothesis
Clinical applications
References

Craniometry and Functional Craniology

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