Swine influenza A (H1N1) Just-in-Time Lecture

Swine influenza A (H1N1) Just-in-Time Lecture
April 28, 2009

by Rashid A. Chotani
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Swine influenza A (H1N1).ppt

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Upper Cervical Spine Fractures

Upper Cervical Spine Fractures
Presentation lecture by:Daniel Gelb, MD

Upper Cervical Spine Fractures

* Epidemiology
* Anatomy
* Radiology
* Common Injuries
* Management Issues

Upper Cervical Spine Fractures
* Epidemiology
o Cause
+ MVC 42%
+ Fall 20%
+ GSW 16%
o Gender
+ Male 81%
+ Female 19%

Etiology of Spinal Cord Injury by Age
Upper Cervical Spine Fractures
Upper Cervical Anatomy
C1 - Atlas
Anatomy – The Atlas
C2 Anatomy
Anatomy – The Axis
Anatomy – The Ligaments
AtlantoAxial Anatomy
Tectorial Membrane
AtlantoAxial Anatomy
occiput
Tranverse Ligament
C1-C2 joint
Alar Ligament
AtlantoAxial Anatomy
Transverse
Ligament
Facet for Occipital Condyle


AtlantoAxial Anatomy
Vertebral
Artery
Radiographic Evaluation
Plain Radiographic Evaluation
Lateral View
Open Mouth AP
Radiographic Diagnosis – Screening Lines
Powers’s Ratio
Harris’s lines
Radiographic Lines
Powers’ Ratio
Radiographic Diagnosis
CT Scan
MRI
Upper Cervical Spine Fractures
Occipital Condyle Fracture
OccipitoAtlantal Dissociation (OAD)
Commonly Fatal
OccipitoAtlantal Dissociation (OAD)
Occipital Cervical Dissociation
Transverse ligament avulsion
Atlas Fractures - Treatment
Fusion options
Gallie
Brooks Jenkins
Transarticular Screws
C1 lateral mass/C2 pars-pedicle screws
Atlas Fractures - Treatment
Odontoid Fractures
Etiology Bimodal distribution
Odontoid Fractures
Treatment Options
odontoid fractures
Type 1
Type 3
Type 2
Type II Fracture Nonunion Risk Factors
Anterior Odontoid Screw Fixation
Indications
Contraindications
Posterior Odontoid Fixation
C1 lateral mass screws
Traumatic Spondylolisthesis Axis
Hangman’s Fracture
Hangman’s Fracture Treatment
Halo Immobilization
Elderly and Halo-vest Treatment

Upper Cervical Spine Fractures.ppt

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The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System
The Axial Skeleton presentation lecture from:NORTHLAND COMMUNITY & TECHNICAL COLLEGE

* Axial Skeleton
o 80 bones
o lie along longitudinal axis
o skull, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, ear ossicles
* Appendicular Skeleton
o 126 bones
o upper & lower limbs and pelvic & pectoral girdles

Types of Bones

* 5 basic types of bones:
o long = compact
o short = spongy except surface
o flat = plates of compact enclosing spongy
o irregular = variable
o sesamoid = develop in tendons or ligaments (patella)
* Sutural bones = in joint between skull bones

Bone Surface Markings

* Surface features-- rough area, groove, openings, process
* Specific functions
o passageway for blood vessels and nerves
o joint formation
o muscle attachment & contraction
* Foramen = opening
* Fossa = shallow depression
* Sulcus = groove
* Meatus = tubelike passageway or canal
* Condyle = large, round protuberance
* Facet = smooth flat articular surface
* Trochanter = very large projection
* Tuberosity = large, rounded, roughened projection
* Learning the terms found in this Table will simplify your study of the skeleton.

The Skull

* 8 Cranial bones
o protect brain & house ear ossicles
o muscle attachment for jaw, neck & facial muscles
* 14 Facial bones
o protect delicate sense organs -- smell, taste, vision
o support entrances to digestive and respiratory systems

The 8 Cranial Bones


Frontal Bone
Parietal & Temporal Bones
Temporal and Occipital bones
Sphenoid bone
Sphenoid in Anterior View
Sphenoid from Superior View
Ethmoid Bone
Facial Bones
Maxillary bones
Zygomatic Bones
Lacrimal and Inferior Nasal Conchae
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Palatine & Vomer
Mandible
Sutures
Paranasal Sinuses
Fontanels of the Skull at Birth.
Bones of the Orbit
Nasal Septum
Hyoid Bone
Vertebral Column
Intervertebral Discs
Normal Curves of the Vertebral Column
Typical Vertebrae
Intervertebral Foramen & Spinal Canal
Typical Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7)
Atlas & Axis (C1-C2)
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)
Lumbar Vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx
Thorax
Sternum
Ribs
Fracture at site of greatest curvature.
Rib Articulation
Herniated (Slipped) Disc
Clinical Problems

The Skeletal System.ppt

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