Sexually Related Diseases/Problems in Women

Sexually Related Diseases/Problems in Women: Vaginitis, PID, Unintended Pregnancy
By:Sarah Guerry, MD
Medical Director, LAC STDP
UCLA

Vaginitis:
What is it?
* Clinical syndrome caused by inflammation/infection of the vagina
* Characterized by abnormal vaginal discharge
* Sometimes caused by an STD

Vaginitis: Who Cares?
Vaginitis Etiologies
Differential diagnosis:
* Irritant Dermatitis
* Foreign body
* HSV
* MCP from GC or CT
* Atrophic vaginitis
* UTI
* Desquamative vaginitis

Vaginitis Epidemiology
* Most common reason for doctors visit

Microbiology of the Vagina
Normal Vaginal Physiology
Factors Adversely Affecting Normal Vaginal Flora
* Douching
* Antibiotic and antifungal therapy
* Hormonal changes: pregnancy, OCs
* Spermicides, lubricant
* Foreign bodies: tampons, IUD, diaphragm
* Intercourse, semen
* Menses


Effects of Estrogen Status on Vaginal Microflora
Infection as a Cause of Vulvovaginitis Across the Lifespan
Vaginitis: Clinical Presentation
* Abnormal vaginal discharge
* Vulvar itch
* Odor
* Discomfort
* Burning with urination
* Painful intercourse

Clinical Evaluation of Vaginitis Physical Exam
* Characteristics of vaginal discharge
* Appearance of the vulva
* Appearance of vaginal mucosa
* Appearance of cervix
* Abdominal/bimanual exam

Diagnostic Evaluation of Vaginitis
* Vaginal pH
* Whiff test (amine test)
* Microscopy
* Chlamydia and GC tests

Vaginal pH Measurement
Bacterial Vaginosis A sexually-associated disease
Bacterial Vaginosis
Clinical Presentation of BV
BV: Diagnostic Criteria
BV: Treatment
BV: Complications
BV: Complications in Pregnancy
BV: Screening in Pregnancy
BV: Treatment Criteria
BV: Recurrent Infection
What’s Wrong with Douching?
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC)
VVC: Risk Factors
VVC: Clinical Manifestations
Yeast Colonization Study
Most Common Misdiagnoses among Women Reported to Have Recurrent VVC
Diagnosis of VVC
VVC: Diagnosis
Uncomplicated VVC: OTC Treatment
Topical Therapies:
Oral Therapy:
Trichomoniasis
Trichomonas: A Pathogen Over Lifetime
Trichomoniasis Clinical Presentation
Trichomoniasis: Diagnosis in Women
Trichomoniasis: Diagnosis in Men
Trichomonas vaginalis
Seattle STD/HIV Prevention Training Center
Trichomoniasis: Treatment
PID Clinical Presentation
Reproductive Anatomy & Spread of Infections
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):Magnitude of the Problem
PID Diagnostic Considerations
CDC Diagnostic Criteria for PID and much more

Sexually Related Diseases/Problems in Women.ppt

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Kanas University Video Lecture Library part2

Kanas University Video Lecture Library part2

Liver Transplantation Part A
J. Kinscher, MD


Monitoring Part A | Part B
T. Davis, CRNA, 2000

Monitored Anesthesia Care Part A
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Neurosurgical Anesthesia Part A
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Pain Management / Regional Blocks 1
Part A | Part B | Part C | Part D | Part E
H. Mathewson, MD, 2000


Positioning Part A | Part B
C. Weber CRNA, 2001


Preoperative Evaluation Part A | Part B | Part C
M. Hutchinson, MD, 2001


Obstretrics I Part A | Part B
G. Shih, MD, 2001


Obstetrics II Part A | Part B
P. Steer, MD, 2000


Otorhinolaryngology Part A | Part B
G Unruh, MD, 2001


Pediatric Anesthesia I Part A
R. Torline, MD, 2001


Pediatric Anesthesia II Part A | Part B
T Davis, CRNA, 2000


Pulmonary Disease Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2002


Regional Anesthesia / Spinal Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Respiratory Function & Anesthesia Part A
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Trauma Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Thoracic Anesthesia Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001


Vascular Surgery Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD

All videos are copyright 2006 by the University of Kansas and may not be duplicated, displayed, broadcast or otherwise used without permission.

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Kanas University Video Lecture Library part1

Kanas University Video Lecture Library

Acid-Base & Electrolyte Balance Part A
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001

Acid-Base Balance Part A | Part B
T. Davis, CRNA, 2000

Acute/Chronic Pain Part A (acute) | Part B (chronic)
Principles of Acute Pain Mgmt
Special Considerations - Chronic Pain
Twillman, PhD

Burns and Anesthesia Part A | Part B
C. Elliott, CRNA, PhD, 2000

Cardiothoracic Surgery & Anesthesia Part A | Part B
Peter Hild, MD

Cardiovascular Disorders Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2002

Cardiovascular Anesthesia I Part A | Part B | Part C
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001

Cardiovascular Anesthesia II Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001

Cardiovascular Anesthesia - Cardiac Abnormalities/Arhythmias Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2002

Dilemmas & Controversies in Intubation Part A Part B
A. Kovac, MD

Ear, Nose & Throat Anesthesia Part A | Part B
G. Unruh, MD

Electrocardiology Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2000

Fluids and Electrolytes Part A | Part B
T Davis, CRNA, 2000

Genitourinary Part A | Part B
H. Mathewson, MD, 2001

Hemostasis Part A | Part B | Part C
J. Kinscher, MD, 2000

HIV/Infection Control Part 1
S. Shaffer RN, MSN, 2000

HIV Part 2
C. Elliott, CRNA, PhD

Laser Safety in the Operating Room Part A | Part B
G. Unruh, MD

All videos are copyright 2006 by the University of Kansas and may not be duplicated, displayed, broadcast or otherwise used without permission.

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Oedema

Oedema

Extravascular fluid collections can be classified as follows:
Effusions into body cavities can be further described as follows
Pleural Effusion
Cerebral Oedema
Congestion
Congestion of Liver
Congestion of Lungs
Haemorrhage
Petichiae
Ecchymosis

Oedema.ppt

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Acute Inflammation

Acute Inflammation

Some Terms to Understand

Acute inflammation = a stereotyped response to recent or ongoing injury. Although the process is complex, the principal features are dilatation and leaking of vessels, and involvement of circulating neutrophils.

Chronic inflammation ("late-phase inflammation") = a response to prolonged problems, orchestrated by T-helper lymphocytes. It may feature recruitment and activation of T- and B-lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and/or fibroblasts. Again, the process is complex. You will recognize lymphocytes in tissue section by their small, "blue button" nuclei.

Granulomas are seen in certain chronic inflammation situations. They are clusters of macrophages that have stuck tightly together, typically to wall something off. Such macrophages are called epithelioid cells. You will recognize granulomas in tissue sections by their characteristic appearance, or the presence of giant cells.

Fibrin is fibrinogen released from damaged vessels, and activated by the clotting cascades when blood meets tissue juices. Fibrin forms the meshwork that controls bleeding, and then becomes the framework for fibroblasts and angioblasts that will form the scar. Until the new scar is complete, the whole meshwork of immature scar is called granulation tissue. When the scar has matured, it contracts.

Inflammation Overveiw
Chemical & Cellular Mediators
Acute vs Chronic Inflammation
Causes of Inflammation
Clinical Signs
Microscopic features of inflammation
Mechanisms of - Vascular Permeability
Chemotaxis (migration along a chemical gradient)
Cellular Events
Phagocytosis
Chemical Mediators of inflammation
Vasoactive Amines
Histamine
Complement System
Kinin System, Coagulation System & Fibrinolytic System
Kinin System Activation
Coagulation (Clotting) System
Fibrinolytic System
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites
Platelet-Activating Factor
Cytokines
Cellular Mediators
Reaction to Acute Inflammation

Acute Inflammation.ppt

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