Vesicoureteral Reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an abnormal movement of urine from the bladder into ureters or kidneys. Urine normally travels from the kidneys via the ureters to the bladder. In vesicoureteral reflux the direction of urine flow is reversed.

Endoscopic Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Patients with Myelomeningocele and Low Bladder Compliance using Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer.
Satyan K. Shah, M.D.
Director of Robotic Surgery
http://medicine.unm.edu

Diagnosis and Management of VUR after first UTI
Ron Keren, MD, MPH
http://www.research.chop.edu

Pediatric GU Dysfunction
http://www.gdn.edu/

Nursing Care of the Child with GU disorders
http://www.austincc.edu

Pathology of renal failure
http://www.mona.uwi.edu

The Child With a Genitourinary Alteration
http://www.kishwaukeecollege.edu

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
http://users.ipfw.edu

Genitourinary Dysfunction
http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu

UTI
Lindsay Chase MD
http://www.bcm.edu

Nephrology Board Review
Sidharth Shah, MD.
http://www.med.unc.edu

Human Genetics of Urinary Tract Malformation
Ali Gharavi, MD
http://www.columbia.edu

Pediatric Genitourinary Disorders
http://www.austincc.edu

GU, Endocrine, Integ
Nancy Pares, RN, MSN
http://faculty.mccneb.edu

Urologic Disorders
http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/

Nursing Management Renal and Urologic Problems
S. Buckley, RN, MS
http://www.napavalley.edu

Urinary Tract Infections in Infants & Toddlers: An Evidence-based Approach
Thomas B. Newman, MD, MPH
http://www.epibiostat.ucsf.edu

Imaging Studies After First Febrile Urinary Tract Infection in Young Children
Ellen Chen, M.D.
http://sfghdean.ucsf.edu

The Child with Genitourinary Alterations
http://course1.winona.edu

231 free full text published articles

1. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children with subureteral dextranomer/hyaluronic acid injection: a single-centre, 7-year experience.
2. Predicting factors of breakthrough infection in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux.
3. Efficacy of hydrodistention implantation technique in treating high-grade vesicoureteral reflux.
4. Computer-Enhanced Visual Learning Method to Teach Endoscopic Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux: An Invitation to Residency Training Programs to Utilize the CEVL Method.
5. An all-endo Approach to Complete Ureteral Duplications Complicated by Ureterocele and/or Vesicoureteral Reflux: Feasibility, Limitations, and Results.
6. Prediction of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux after pediatric urinary tract infection: external validation study of procalcitonin-based decision rule.
7. Vesicoureteral Reflux, a Scarred kidney, and Minimal Proteinuria: An Unusual Cause of Adult Secondary Hypertension.
8. Renal scarring and osteopontin gene C/T polymorphism in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux.
9. Vesicoureteral reflux and reflux nephropathy.
10. Clinical decisions. Treatment of a 6-year-old girl with vesicoureteral reflux--polling results.
11. Clinical decisions. Treatment of a 6-year-old girl with vesicoureteral reflux.
12. The Value of PIC Cystography in Detecting De Novo and Residual Vesicoureteral Reflux after Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer Injection.
13. Growth indices in urinary tract infection children with or without vesicoureteral reflux.
14. Vesicoureteral reflux and other urinary tract malformations in mice compound heterozygous for Pax2 and Emx2.
15. Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
16. Acute Tc-99m DMSA scan for identifying dilating vesicoureteral reflux in children: a meta-analysis.
17. Endoscopic bulking materials for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: a review of our 20 years of experience and review of the literature.
18. Adherence to antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
19. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in a paediatric surgery ambulatory unit.
20. Assessing vesicoureteral reflux in live inbred mice via ultrasound with a microbubble contrast agent.
21. Surgical Reimplantation for the Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux following Failed Endoscopic Injection.
22. Detection of vesicoureteral reflux using microwave radiometry-system characterization with tissue phantoms.
23. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux using calcium hydroxyl apatite in dogs.
24. Determination and comparison of mean random urine calcium between children with vesicoureteral reflux and those with improved vesicoureteral reflux.
25. Microwave Radiometry for Non-Invasive Detection of Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) Following Bladder Warming.
26. Costs and consequences of universal sibling screening for vesicoureteral reflux: decision analysis.
27. Images in urology. Crossed fused renal ectopia with massive vesicoureteral reflux.
28. Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children with Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid-A Single Surgeon's 6-Year Experience.
29. Urodynamic and histological changes in a sterile rabbit vesicoureteral reflux model.
30. Modeling the detectability of vesicoureteral reflux using microwave radiometry.
31. Learning from history or the rationale for considering surgical correction of vesicoureteral reflux.
32. DMSA scan for revealing vesicoureteral reflux in young children with urinary tract infection.
33. Radiologic features of implants after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
34. Vesicoureteral reflux in children with urinary tract infection: comparison of diagnostic accuracy of renal US criteria.
35. The value of estimation of distal ureteral dilatation in primary vesicoureteral reflux.
36. Endoscopic Subureteral Injection for the Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children: Polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique(R)) versus Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid Copolymer (Deflux(R)).
37. Ureteroscopic surgery for a large upper ureteral stone in an infant with bilateral vesicoureteral reflux.
38. Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux: systematic review.
39. Compliance with antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux: results from a national pharmacy claims database.
40. Renal transplant outcome after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux using the subureteric injection of calcium hydroxyapatite.
41. Radiation dose and screening for vesicoureteral reflux.
42. Variation among internet based calculators in predicting spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux.
43. Variation in surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux: influence of hospital and patient factors.
44. Radiation dose and screening for vesicoureteral reflux.
45. Embryology and anatomy of the vesicoureteric junction with special reference to the etiology of vesicoureteral reflux.
46. [Prevalence and characteristics of the vesicoureteral reflux in infants who suffered neonatal urinary tract infection].
47. [Urinary infection and vesicoureteral reflux: what we need to do].
48. A genome scan in affected sib-pairs with familial vesicoureteral reflux identifies a locus on chromosome 5.
49. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: current practice and the need for multifactorial assessment.
50. Is availability of endoscopy changing initial management of vesicoureteral reflux?
51. Controversies in the management of vesicoureteral reflux: the rationale for the RIVUR study.
52. Antibiotic prophylaxis in vesicoureteral reflux: A paradigm shift.
53. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: Current status.
54. A recessive gene for primary vesicoureteral reflux maps to chromosome 12p11-q13.
55. Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infection: evolving practices and current controversies in pediatric imaging.
56. MR voiding cystography for evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux.
57. Rationale and design issues of the Randomized Intervention for Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR) study.
58. Randomized Intervention for Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR): background commentary of RIVUR investigators.
59. Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial.
60. Antibiotic resistance patterns of community-acquired urinary tract infections in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving prophylactic antibiotic therapy.
61. Dynamic hydrodistention classification of the ureter and the double hit method to correct vesicoureteral reflux.
62. [Chronological age for the spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux].
63. Vesicoscopic ureteral reimplantation: a minimally invasive technique for the definitive repair of vesicoureteral reflux.
64. Bladder dysfunction and vesicoureteral reflux.
65. Vesicoureteral reflux: where have we been, where are we now, and where are we going?
66. Antibiotic prophylaxis in the management of vesicoureteral reflux.
67. High-grade vesicoureteral reflux in Pfeiffer syndrome.
68. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic management of vesicoureteral reflux.
69. Antibiotic prophylaxis for children with primary vesicoureteral reflux: where do we stand today?
70. The outcome of surgery versus medical management in the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux.
71. Vesicoureteral reflux, reflux nephropathy, and end-stage renal disease.
72. Vesicoureteral reflux and duplex systems.
73. Vesicoureteral reflux in the child with lazy bladder syndrome: the infrequent voider.
74. Interactions of constipation, dysfunctional elimination syndrome, and vesicoureteral reflux.
75. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid in children.
76. Strengths and pitfalls of meta-analysis reports in vesicoureteral reflux.
77. [Can vesicoureteral reflux be predicted in infants with urinary infection?].
78. [Can vesicoureteral reflux be predicted in infants with urinary infection?].
79. [Symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux in the adult age. A patient's testimony].
80. [Vesicoureteral reflux in adults].
81. [Vesicoureteral reflux after pediatric kidney transplantation].
82. [Contralateral vesicoureteral reflux after endoscopic treatment of primary unilateral reflux].
83. [The efficacy of endoscopic treatment for secondary vesicoureteral reflux. Analysis of a series of 142 cases].
84. [Long-term results of the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
85. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Comparison of various substances. Long-term results].
86. [Congenital bladder diverticula and vesicoureteral reflux].
87. [Endoscopic treatment of complicated vesicoureteral reflux grades III-V in infants under the age of one year].
88. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients with the diagnosis of neurogenic bladder. Results and long-term outcome].
89. [Our experience using various injectable materials for the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
90. Modification of the sting procedure for vesicoureteral reflux: ureteral repositioning and injection.
91. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in the previously reimplanted ureter: technical aspects and results.
92. [The treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
93. [Current status of antibiotic prophylaxis in primary vesicoureteral reflux in children].
94. [Conservative versus interventional treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children].
95. Vesicoureteral reflux and elimination disorders.
96. [The treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children with myelomeningocele].
97. [Evaluation of the lower urinary tract function in pediatric patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux].
98. [Predictive value of ureteral dilation rate in the success of endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients].
99. [Video urodynamic update of the vesicoureteral reflux classification in children].
100. [Severe bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and nephropathy in male newborns: valve-like syndrome or uncoordinated voiding in the male fetus].
101. [Determination of renal function at the end of the follow-up period in children with vesicoureteral reflux].
102. Vesicoureteral reflux: why we can't agree on its management! An evidence based approach.
103. [Updated analysis of the efficacy of therapeutic options in primary vesicoureteral reflux].
104. [Imaging techniques and vesicoureteral reflux].
105. Clinical care of vesicoureteral reflux: preventing adoption of a procedure-driven algorithm.
106. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: histologic findings].
107. [Embryology and genetics of primary vesicoureteral reflux and associated renal dysplasia].
108. Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial.
109. Vesicoureteral reflux.
110. ROBO2 gene variants are associated with familial vesicoureteral reflux.
111. Urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux in saudi children.
112. Vesicoureteral reflux - an update.
113. A genome search for primary vesicoureteral reflux shows further evidence for genetic heterogeneity.
114. The changing concepts of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
115. Has the data efflux regarding the promising outcome following injection of deflux changed the management of adult vesicoureteral reflux?
116. Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux after puberty.
117. Tissue formation following implantation of cultured elastic chondrocytes for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux.
118. [Prevalence of hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric urinary tract infection].
119. Laparoscopy in the management of pediatric vesicoureteral reflux.
120. The current evidence based medical management of vesicoureteral reflux: The Sickkids protocol.
121. Results of modified Gil-Vernet antireflux surgery in the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux.
122. Vesicoureteral reflux in childhood.
123. [Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children].
124. Spontaneous resolution rates of vesicoureteral reflux in Brazilian children: a 30-year experience.
125. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children].
126. [A pediatric case diagnosed as urachal cyst and vesicoureteral reflux by urinary tract infection: a case report].
127. Dextranomer/Hyaluronic Acid implantation for vesicoureteral reflux.
128. Disruption of ROBO2 is associated with urinary tract anomalies and confers risk of vesicoureteral reflux.
129. Primary vesicoureteral reflux in Iranian children.
130. Update on vesicoureteral reflux: pathogenesis, nephropathy, and management.
131. Management alternatives for vesicoureteral reflux.
132. Management of vesicoureteral reflux.
133. [Endoscopic treatment of the vesicoureteral reflux in children: preliminary experience with the subureteral injection of Coaptite].
134. Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux using endoscopic injection of nonanimal stabilized hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel: initial experience in pediatric patients by a single surgeon.
135. Prediction of vesicoureteral reflux: sibilla or more?
136. Outcome of kidneys in patients treated for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) during childhood.
137. [Vesicoureteral reflux grades III-IV: factors involved in the efficacy of endoscopic treatment in pediatric patients].
138. Urine interleukin-8 as a marker of vesicoureteral reflux in infants.
139. A changing scenario in our understanding of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
140. [Posterior urethral valves, unilateral vesicoureteral reflux and renal dysplasia (VURD syndrome). Long-term follow-up of kidney function].
141. Vesicoureteral reflux: the role of antibiotic prophylaxis.
142. Clinical significance of primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary antibiotic prophylaxis after acute pyelonephritis: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study.
143. [Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism in infants with vesicoureteral reflux].
144. Radiation exposure reduction during voiding cystourethrography in a pediatric porcine model of vesicoureteral reflux.
145. Procalcitonin and vesicoureteral reflux in children with urinary tract infection.
146. [Subureteral polydimethylsiloxane injection for the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
147. Prediction of vesicoureteral reflux after a first febrile urinary tract infection in children: validation of a clinical decision rule.
148. Procalcitonin as a predictor of vesicoureteral reflux in children with a first febrile urinary tract infection.
149. Familial vesicoureteral reflux: testing replication of linkage in seven new multigenerational kindreds.
150. Comparative study between intravenous urography and renal scintigraphy with DMSA for the diagnosis of renal scars in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
151. Timing of follow-up voiding cystourethrogram in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux: development and application of a clinical algorithm.
152. Abnormal dimercapto-succinic acid scans predict an increased risk of breakthrough infection in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
153. Findings in cystourethrography that suggest lower urinary tract dysfunction in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
154. Vesicoureteral reflux: can the urethra be adequately assessed by using contrast-enhanced voiding US of the bladder?
155. Uroplakin III is not a major candidate gene for primary vesicoureteral reflux.
156. Primary vesicoureteral reflux: progress of disease, somatic growth and renal parameters.
157. Vesicoureteral reflux in hospitalized children with urinary tract infection: the clinical value of pelvic ectasia on renal ultrasound, inflammatory responses and demographic data.
158. [Baseline clinical features of 483 children and adolescents with primary vesicoureteral reflux: a retrospective study].
159. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with autologous chondrocytes: postoperative sonographic features.
160. Vesicoureteral reflux and idiopathic hypercalciuria: an association by chance?
161. Utility of follow-up renal sonography in children with vesicoureteral reflux and normal initial sonogram.
162. [Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in patients with neurogenic bladder. Should the ureter be reimplanted in patients treated with augmentation cystoplasty?].
163. Dysfunctional elimination syndrome: is it related to urinary tract infection or vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed early in life?
164. [Congenital renal abnormalities in neonates with fetal vesicoureteral reflux. Detection by 99m-technetium(m)-dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy].
165. [Renal scars in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux].
166. Urinary calcium excretion in children with vesicoureteral reflux.
167. Diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral reflux.
168. Renal ultrasound findings and vesicoureteral reflux in children hospitalised with urinary tract infection.
169. Contrast-enhanced harmonic imaging for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients.
170. Vesicoureteral reflux: diagnosis and grading with echo-enhanced cystosonography versus voiding cystourethrography.
171. Vesicoureteral reflux: latest option for evaluation in children.
172. [Long-term outcome of monotherapy by Cohen ureterocystoneostomy for vesicoureteral reflux in spina bifida patients].
173. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound voiding cystography as a screening examination for vesicoureteral reflux in the follow-up of renal transplant recipients: a new approach.
174. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux].
175. [Cystosonography with echoenhancer. A new imaging technique for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux].
176. Ablation of uroplakin III gene results in small urothelial plaques, urothelial leakage, and vesicoureteral reflux.
177. Vesicoureteral reflux after kidney transplantation in children.
178. Effect of chronic, low-pressure, sterile vesicoureteral reflux on renal growth and function in a porcine model: a radiologic and pathologic study.
179. Renal growth in children with severe vesicoureteral reflux: 10-year prospective study of medical and surgical treatment: the International Reflux Study in Children (European branch).
180. [Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children].
181. Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children with glutaraldehyde cross-linked bovine dermal collagen. Short-term results.
182. [Effect of transurethral collagen injection for vesicoureteral reflux in patients with spina bifida].
183. Vesicoureteral reflux in male and female neonates as detected by voiding ultrasonography.
184. [Investigation of long-term follow up after endoscopic operation for vesicoureteral reflux].
185. [Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence in myelodysplastic patients: a comparison between those who had anti-reflux surgery alone and those who were treated by anti-reflux surgery combined with bladder augmentation with or without sling operation].
186. Vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed in adulthood. Incidence of urinary tract infections, hypertension, proteinuria, back pain and renal calculi.
187. Medullary nephrocalcinosis associated with vesicoureteral reflux.
188. Unilateral vesicoureteral reflux: association with protected renal function in patients with posterior urethral valves.
189. Vesicoureteral reflux in children.
190. [Renal function in children with reflux nephropathy followed up more than 10 years after disappearance of vesicoureteral reflux: usefulness of alpha 1-microglobulin as a marker to predict the prognosis of these children].
191. Antenatal renal pelvis dilatation: a predictor of vesicoureteral reflux?
192. Vesicoureteral reflux in children. Experience in riyadh, saudi arabia.
193. [Results of antireflux surgery in infants with vesicoureteral reflux].
194. Defining inoculation conditions for the mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection that avoid immediate vesicoureteral reflux yet produce renal and bladder infection.
195. In utero sonographic diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux by percutaneous vesicoinfusion.
196. [Clean intermittent catheterization in neurogenic bladder patients with vesicoureteral reflux].
197. Ureterocele eversion with vesicoureteral reflux in duplex kidneys: findings at voiding cystourethrography.
198. [Vesicoureteral reflux in children].
199. Tailored low-dose fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography for the reevaluation of vesicoureteral reflux in girls.
200. The ongoing challenge of diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection, vesicoureteral reflux and renal damage in children.
201. [Trigonoplasty for vesicoureteral reflux--from open surgery to endoscopic surgery].
202. [Phimosis as a pathogenetic factor in urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux].
203. Tailored low-dose fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography for the reevaluation of vesicoureteral reflux in girls.
204. Can DMSA detect early renal injury in children with vesicoureteral reflux?
205. Quantitative SPECT of technetium-99m-DMSA uptake in the kidneys of normal children and in kidneys with vesicoureteral reflux: detection of unilateral kidney disease.
206. [Transurethral teflon paste injection for vesicoureteral reflux in neurogenic bladder dysfunction].
207. [Investigation on unsuccessful endoscopic operation for cases with vesicoureteral reflux].
208. [The progression of renal damage in reflux nephropathy--clinical analysis of proteinuria in children with vesicoureteral reflux].
209. Vesicoureteral Reflux in Childhood: Preventing urinary tract infections.
210. Bladder outlet resistance decreasing operations in spinal cord damaged patients with vesicoureteral reflux.
211. [Intrarenal reflux in children with vesicoureteral reflux].
212. [Vesicoureteral reflux and renal scarring. Report of cooperative study of "Progressive renal disease" of Ministry of Health and Welfare].
213. [Management of vesicoureteral reflux in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction].
214. [Unilateral massive vesicoureteral reflux associated with congenital mechanical obstruction of lower urinary tract].
215. [Urinary incontinence in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux--urinary incontinence and function of refluxing kidney].
216. Vesicoureteral reflux and renal scarring.
217. Application of Doppler color flow imaging method on the detection of vesicoureteral reflux.
218. [Renal dysfunction in children with vesicoureteral reflux].
219. Radiographic evaluation of subureteric injection of teflon to correct vesicoureteral reflux.
220. Long-term follow-up of spinal cord injury patients with vesicoureteral reflux.
221. Intramural Teflon injection of the ureter for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: sonographic appearance.
222. Long-term follow-up of spinal cord injury patients with vesicoureteral reflux.
223. Detection of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
224. Vesicoureteral reflux mimicking obstructive uropathy.
225. Renal growth retardation in children: sign suggestive of vesicoureteral reflux?
226. Real-time sonographic detection of vesicoureteral reflux in children.
227. Effectiveness of direct and indirect radionuclide cystography in detecting vesicoureteral reflux.
228. Letter: Vesicoureteral reflux and its familial distribution.
229. Editorial: Vesicoureteral reflux and its familial distribution.
230. Vesicoureteral reflux.
231. The etiology and treatment of vesicoureteral reflux.