Lymphatic Malformations

Lymphatic Malformations
Vascular Lesions of the Head and Neck
Behrooz A. Torkian MD
http://www.ent.uci.edu/

Dermal and Subcutaneous Tumors
Erik Austin, D.O., M.P.H.
Cutaneous Vascular Anomalies
http://www.atsu.edu/

Craniofacial Anomalies
http://www.anesth.uiowa.edu/

Congenital Laryngeal Anomalies
Russell D. Briggs, M.D., Ronald W. Deskin, M.D.
http://www.utmb.edu

Emphasis on Reconstructive Options
Viet Pham, M.D., Harold Pine, M.D., Raghu Athre, M.D.
http://www.utmb.edu/

Lymphatic Disorders
http://chua2.fiu.edu/

THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
http://virtualhumanembryo.lsuhsc.edu

Soft Tissue Swellings
http://dental.case.edu/

Introduction to Clinical Practice II
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Joseph S. Giglia, MD
http://www.med.uc.edu/

Pediatric Surgery 
Kurt P. Schropp, M.D.
http://classes.kumc.edu


112 Published articles on Lymphatic Malformations
1. Balakrishnan K, Edwards TC, Perkins JA. Functional and Symptom Impacts of - Pediatric Head and Neck Lymphatic Malformations. Developing a Patient-Derived - Instrument. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012 Jun 6. [Epub ahead of print]
2. Shergill A, John P, Amaral JG. Doxycycline sclerotherapy in children with - lymphatic malformations. outcomes, complications and clinical efficacy. Pediatr - Radiol. 2012 May 31. [Epub ahead of print]
3. Jamal N, Ahmed S, Miller T, Bent J, Brook A, Parikh S, Ankola A. Doxycycline - sclerotherapy for pediatric head and neck macrocystic lymphatic malformations. A  - case series and review of the literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 - Aug;76(8).1127-31. Epub 2012 May 7.
4. Mai HM, Zheng JW, Zhou Q, Yang XJ, Wang YA, Fan XD. Intralesional injection of - pingyangmycin is a safe and effective treatment for microcystic lymphatic - malformations in the tongue. Phlebology. 2012 Feb 29. [Epub ahead of print] -
5. Hill RH 3rd, Shiels WE 2nd, Foster JA, Czyz CN, Stacey A, Everman KR, Cahill - KV. Percutaneous drainage and ablation as first line therapy for macrocystic and  - microcystic orbital lymphatic malformations. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012 - Mar;28(2).119-25.
6. Colbert SD, Seager L, Haider F, Evans BT, Anand R, Brennan PA. Lymphatic - malformations of the head and neck-current concepts in management. Br J Oral - Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Feb 21. [Epub ahead of print]
7. Swetman GL, Berk DR, Vasanawala SS, Feinstein JA, Lane AT, Bruckner AL. - Sildenafil for severe lymphatic malformations. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jan - 26;366(4).384-6.
8. Hou F, Dai Y, Buckmiller LM, Shafirstein G, Fan CY, Saad AG, Suen JY, Richter  - GT. A pilot in vivo model of human microcystic lymphatic malformations. Arch - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011 Dec;137(12).1280-5.
9. Stefini S, Bazzana T, Smussi C, Piccioni M, Frusca T, Taddei F, Tomasoni G, - Recupero D, Cavazza A, Villani P, Nicolai P, Eivazi B, Wiegand S, Werner JA, - Schmidt S, Maier RF, Torossian A. EXIT (Ex utero Intrapartum Treatment) in - lymphatic malformations of the head and neck. discussion of three cases and - proposal of an EXIT-TTP (Team Time Procedure) list. Int J Pediatr - Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Jan;76(1).20-7. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
10. Cahill AM, Nijs E, Ballah D, Rabinowitz D, Thompson L, Rintoul N, Hedrick H,  - Jacobs I, Low D. Percutaneous sclerotherapy in neonatal and infant head and neck  - lymphatic malformations. a single center experience. J Pediatr Surg. 2011 - Nov;46(11).2083-95.
11. Cuervo JL, Galli E, Eisele G, Johannes E, Fainboim A, Tonini S, Joaquin W, - Viola B, Nazar M. [Lymphatic malformations. percutaneus treatment with - bleomycin]. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2011 Oct;109(5).417-22. Spanish.
12. Dai Y, Hou F, Saad A, Fan CY, Buckmiller LM, Suen JY, Richter GT. Preliminary - investigation of human lymphatic malformations in vitro. Laryngoscope. 2011 - Nov;121(11).2435-42. doi. 10.1002/lary.22187.
13. Zhou Q, Zheng JW, Mai HM, Luo QF, Fan XD, Su LX, Wang YA, Qin ZP. Treatment - guidelines of lymphatic malformations of the head and neck. Oral Oncol. 2011 - Dec;47(12).1105-9. Epub 2011 Sep 8. Review.
14. Hogeling M, Adams S, Law J, Wargon O. Lymphatic malformations. clinical - course and management in 64 cases. Australas J Dermatol. 2011 Aug;52(3).186-90. - doi. 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00777.x. Epub 2011 Jun 9.
15. Chaudry G, Burrows PE, Padua HM, Dillon BJ, Fishman SJ, Alomari AI. - Sclerotherapy of abdominal lymphatic malformations with doxycycline. J Vasc - Interv Radiol. 2011 Oct;22(10).1431-5. Epub 2011 Aug 6.
16. Al Dhaybi R, Lam C, Hatami A, Powell J, McCuaig C, Kokta V. Targetoid - hemosiderotic hemangiomas (hobnail hemangiomas) are vascular lymphatic - malformations. a study of 12 pediatric cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012 - Jan;66(1).116-20. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
17. Kirsh AL, Cushing SL, Chen EY, Schwartz SM, Perkins JA. Tertiary lymphoid - organs in lymphatic malformations. Lymphat Res Biol. 2011;9(2).85-92. doi. - 10.1089/lrb.2010.0018.
18. Churchill P, Otal D, Pemberton J, Ali A, Flageole H, Walton JM. Sclerotherapy - for lymphatic malformations in children. a scoping review. J Pediatr Surg. 2011 - May;46(5).912-22. Review.
19. Luzzatto CM. OK-432 is not suitable for abdominal lymphatic malformations. - Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2011 May;21(3).211. Epub 2011 May 23.
20. Knipping S, Bau V. [Lymphatic malformations in the head and neck. experiences - with sclerotherapy]. HNO. 2011 Jul;59(7).683-8. German.
21. Ratnavel GR. Foam sclerotherapy in various vascular and lymphatic - malformations. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2011 May-Jun;77(3).336-8. -
22. Wiegand S, Zimmermann AP, Eivazi B, Sesterhenn AM, Werner JA. Lymphatic - malformations involving the parotid gland. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2011 - Aug;21(4).242-5. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
23. Khunger N. Lymphatic malformations. current status. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. - 2010 Sep;3(3).137-8.
24. Bajaj Y, Hewitt R, Ifeacho S, Hartley BE. Surgical excision as primary - treatment modality for extensive cervicofacial lymphatic malformations in - children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011 Mar 16. [Epub ahead of print] -
25. Chen WL, Huang ZQ, Chai Q, Zhang DM, Wang YY, Wang HJ, Wang L, Fan S. - Percutaneous sclerotherapy of massive macrocystic lymphatic malformations of the  - face and neck using fibrin glue with OK-432 and bleomycin. Int J Oral Maxillofac  - Surg. 2011 Jun;40(6).572-6. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
26. Fuentes S, Delgado D, Martí E, Gallego MC, Tejedor R, Moreno C, Gómez A. - [Treatment of lymphatic malformations with OK-432 sclerosis. Our experience]. Cir - Pediatr. 2010 Apr;23(2).88-91. Spanish.
27. Impellizzeri P, Romeo C, Borruto FA, Granata F, Scalfari G, De Ponte FS, - Longo M. Sclerotherapy for cervical cystic lymphatic malformations in children. - Our experience with computed tomography-guided 98% sterile ethanol insertion and  - a review of the literature. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Dec;45(12).2473-8. Review. -
28. Greene AK, Perlyn CA, Alomari AI. Management of lymphatic malformations. Clin - Plast Surg. 2011 Jan;38(1).75-82. Review.
29. O TM, Kwak R, Portnof JE, Berke DM, Lipari B, Waner M. Analysis of skeletal - mandibular abnormalities associated with cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. - Laryngoscope. 2011 Jan;121(1).91-101.
30. Zhang W, Luo QF, Zhang L, Zhang TX, He XL. [The therapeutic effect of - triamcinolone acetonide with Pingyangmycin on lymphatic malformations in oral and - maxillofacial regions]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2010 Jul;26(4).262-5.  - Chinese.
31. Renton JP, Smith RJ. Current treatment paradigms in the management of - lymphatic malformations. Laryngoscope. 2011 Jan;121(1).56-9. Review.
32. Ono S, Iwai N, Chiba F, Furukawa T, Fumino S. OK-432 therapy for chylous - pleural effusion or ascites associated with lymphatic malformations. J Pediatr - Surg. 2010 Sep;45(9).e7-10.
33. Yang Y, Sun M, Ma Q, Cheng X, Ao J, Tian L, Wang L, Lei D. Bleomycin A5 - sclerotherapy for cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. J Vasc Surg. 2011 - Jan;53(1).150-5. Epub 2010 Sep 16.
34. Eivazi B, Teymoortash A, Wiegand S, Roessler M, Mandic R, Bien S, Werner JA.  - Intralesional endoscopy of advanced lymphatic malformations of the head and neck. - a new diagnostic approach and a potential therapeutic tool. Arch Otolaryngol Head - Neck Surg. 2010 Aug;136(8).790-5.
35. Närkiö-Mäkelä M, Mäkelä T, Saarinen P, Salminen P, Julkunen I, Pitkäranta A.  - Treatment of lymphatic malformations of head and neck with OK-432 sclerotherapy - induce systemic inflammatory response. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2011 - Jan;268(1).123-9. Epub 2010 Jul 16.
36. Oliveira C, Sacher P, Meuli M. Management of prenatally diagnosed abdominal - lymphatic malformations. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Sep;20(5).302-6. Epub 2010 Jun  - 24.
37. Perkins JA, Manning SC, Tempero RM, Cunningham MJ, Edmonds JL Jr, Hoffer FA,  - Egbert MA. Lymphatic malformations. review of current treatment. Otolaryngol Head - Neck Surg. 2010 Jun;142(6).795-803, 803.e1. Review.
38. Perkins JA, Manning SC, Tempero RM, Cunningham MJ, Edmonds JL Jr, Hoffer FA,  - Egbert MA. Lymphatic malformations. current cellular and clinical investigations. - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Jun;142(6).789-94. Review.
39. Boardman SJ, Cochrane LA, Roebuck D, Elliott MJ, Hartley BE. Multimodality - treatment of pediatric lymphatic malformations of the head and neck using surgery - and sclerotherapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Mar;136(3).270-6.
40. Oosthuizen JC, Burns P, Russell JD. Lymphatic malformations. a proposed - management algorithm. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Apr;74(4).398-403. - Epub 2010 Feb 18.
41. Wiegand S, Eivazi B, Zimmermann AP, Neff A, Barth PJ, Sesterhenn AM, Mandic - R, Werner JA. Microcystic lymphatic malformations of the tongue. diagnosis, - classification, and treatment. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009 - Oct;135(10).976-83.
42. Shiels WE 2nd, Kang DR, Murakami JW, Hogan MJ, Wiet GJ. Percutaneous - treatment of lymphatic malformations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009 - Aug;141(2).219-24.
43. Glade RS, Buckmiller LM. CO2 laser resurfacing of intraoral lymphatic - malformations. a 10-year experience. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 - Oct;73(10).1358-61. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
44. Poldervaart MT, Breugem CC, Speleman L, Pasmans S. Treatment of lymphatic - malformations with OK-432 (Picibanil). review of the literature. J Craniofac - Surg. 2009 Jul;20(4).1159-62. Review.
45. Chen EY, Hostikka SL, Oliaei S, Duke W, Schwartz SM, Perkins JA. Similar - histologic features and immunohistochemical staining in microcystic and - macrocystic lymphatic malformations. Lymphat Res Biol. 2009;7(2).75-80.
46. Bloom DC, Perkins JA, Manning SC. Management of lymphatic malformations and - macroglossia. results of a national treatment survey. Int J Pediatr - Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Aug;73(8).1114-8. Epub 2009 Jun 9.
47. Wiegand S, Eivazi B, Zimmermann AP, Sesterhenn AM, Werner JA. Evaluation of - children with lymphatic malformations of the head and neck using the Cologne - Disease Score. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Jul;73(7).955-8. Epub 2009 - Apr 19.
48. Chen WL, Zhang B, Wang JG, Ye HS, Zhang DM, Huang ZQ. Surgical excision of - cervicofacial giant macrocystic lymphatic malformations in infants and children.  - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Jun;73(6).833-7. Epub 2009 Mar 25.
49. Bai Y, Jia J, Huang XX, Alsharif MJ, Zhao JH, Zhao YF. Sclerotherapy of - microcystic lymphatic malformations in oral and facial regions. J Oral Maxillofac - Surg. 2009 Feb;67(2).251-6.
50. Greinwald J Jr, Cohen AP, Hemanackah S, Azizkhan RG. Massive lymphatic - malformations of the head, neck, and chest. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 - Apr;37(2).169-73.
51. Smith MC, Zimmerman MB, Burke DK, Bauman NM, Sato Y, Smith RJ; OK-432 - Collaborative Study Group. Efficacy and safety of OK-432 immunotherapy of - lymphatic malformations. Laryngoscope. 2009 Jan;119(1).107-15.
52. Burrows PE, Mitri RK, Alomari A, Padua HM, Lord DJ, Sylvia MB, Fishman SJ, - Mulliken JB. Percutaneous sclerotherapy of lymphatic malformations with - doxycycline. Lymphat Res Biol. 2008;6(3-4).209-16. Review.
53. Roy S, Reyes S, Smith LP. Bipolar radiofrequency plasma ablation (Coblation)  - of lymphatic malformations of the tongue. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 - Feb;73(2).289-93. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
54. Gündüz K, Kurt RA, Erden E. Well-circumscribed orbital venous-lymphatic - malformations with atypical features in children. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009 - May;93(5).656-9. Epub 2008 Dec 15.
55. Zhao FY. [Diagnosis and treatment of lymphatic malformations]. Zhonghua Kou - Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2008 Jun;43(6).339-42. Chinese.
56. Schumacher M, Ernemann U, Berlis A, Weber J. Treatment of venous - malformations--comparison to lymphatic malformations. Lymphology. 2008 - Sep;41(3).139-46. Review.
57. Florez-Vargas A, Vargas SO, Debelenko LV, Perez-Atayde AR, Archibald T, - Kozakewich HP, Zurakowski D. Comparative analysis of D2-40 and LYVE-1 - immunostaining in lymphatic malformations. Lymphology. 2008 Sep;41(3).103-10. -
58. Fleming JN, Hostikka SL, Chen EY, Schwartz SM, Perkins JA. Plasmacytoid - dendritic cells and interferon levels are increased in lymphatic malformations. - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Nov;139(5).671-676.
59. Castro EC, Galambos C. Prox-1 and VEGFR3 antibodies are superior to D2-40 in  - identifying endothelial cells of lymphatic malformations--a proposal of a new - immunohistochemical panel to differentiate lymphatic from other vascular - malformations. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2009 May-Jun;12(3).187-94.
60. Breugem CC, Courtemanche DJ. Portable ultrasound-assisted injection of OK-432 - in lymphatic malformations by the plastic surgeon. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. - 2008 Oct;61(10).1269-70. Epub 2008 Jul 23.
61. Blei F. Congenital lymphatic malformations. Ann N Y Acad Sci. - 2008;1131.185-94. Review.
62. Dasgupta R, Adams D, Elluru R, Wentzel MS, Azizkhan RG. Noninterventional - treatment of selected head and neck lymphatic malformations. J Pediatr Surg. 2008 - May;43(5).869-73.
63. Ravindranathan H, Gillis J, Lord DJ. Intensive care experience with - sclerotherapy for cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. Pediatr Crit Care Med. - 2008 May;9(3).304-9.
64. Nehra D, Jacobson L, Barnes P, Mallory B, Albanese CT, Sylvester KG. - Doxycycline sclerotherapy as primary treatment of head and neck lymphatic - malformations in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2008 Mar;43(3).451-60.
65. Shiels WE 2nd, Kenney BD, Caniano DA, Besner GE. Definitive percutaneous - treatment of lymphatic malformations of the trunk and extremities. J Pediatr - Surg. 2008 Jan;43(1).136-9; discussion 140.
66. Cordes BM, Seidel FG, Sulek M, Giannoni CM, Friedman EM. Doxycycline - sclerotherapy as the primary treatment for head and neck lymphatic malformations. - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Dec;137(6).962-4.
67. Luis AL, López JC, Encinas JL, Suárez O, Burgos L, Diaz M, Soto C, Ros Z. - [Complex lymphatic malformations. diagnostic and therapeutical implications]. Cir - Pediatr. 2007 Apr;20(2).116-8. Spanish.
68. Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Syed S, Leisner RI, Harper JI. Extensive - venous/lymphatic malformations causing life-threatening haematological - complications. Br J Dermatol. 2007 Sep;157(3).558-63. Epub 2007 Jun 15.
69. Lei ZM, Huang XX, Sun ZJ, Zhang WF, Zhao YF. Surgery of lymphatic - malformations in oral and cervicofacial regions in children. Oral Surg Oral Med - Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Sep;104(3).338-44. Epub 2007 Apr 11.
70. Lin PJ, Guo YC, Lin JY, Chang YT. Facial nerve conduction after sclerotherapy - in children with facial lymphatic malformations. report of two cases. Tohoku J - Exp Med. 2007 Apr;211(4).401-6.
71. Short RF, Shiels WE 2nd, Sferra TJ, Nicol KK, Schofield M, Wiet GJ. - Site-specific induction of lymphatic malformations in a rat model for - image-guided therapy. Pediatr Radiol. 2007 Jun;37(6).530-4. Epub 2007 Mar 31. -
72. Bruch-Gerharz D, Gerharz CD, Stege H, Krutmann J, Pohl M, Koester R, Ruzicka  - T. Cutaneous lymphatic malformations in disappearing bone (Gorham-Stout) disease. - a novel clue to the pathogenesis of a rare syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007 - Feb;56(2 Suppl).S21-5. Epub 2006 Sep 14.
73. Alomari AI, Karian VE, Lord DJ, Padua HM, Burrows PE. Percutaneous - sclerotherapy for lymphatic malformations. a retrospective analysis of - patient-evaluated improvement. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006 Oct;17(10).1639-48. -
74. Berwald C, Salazard B, Casanova D, Bardot J, Magalon G. [Indications of - lasers treatment for lymphatic malformations]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2006 - Aug-Oct;51(4-5).429-32. Epub 2006 Sep 27. French.
75. Lavie A, Desouches C, Casanova D, Bardot J, Magalon G. [Surgical treatment of - lymphatic malformations]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2006 Aug-Oct;51(4-5).433-9. Epub - 2006 Sep 27. French.
76. Salazard B, Londner J, Casanova D, Bardot J, Magalon G. [The lymphatic - malformations. clinical aspects and evolution]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2006 - Aug-Oct;51(4-5).412-22. Epub 2006 Sep 27. French.
77. Wierzbicka E, Herbreteau D, Robert M, Lorette G. [Cystic lymphatic - malformations]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2006 Jun-Jul;133(6-7).597-601. Review. - French.
78. Azizkhan RG, Rutter MJ, Cotton RT, Lim LH, Cohen AP, Mason JL. Lymphatic - malformations of the tongue base. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 Jul;41(7).1279-84.
79. Wittekindt C, Michel O, Streppel M, Roth B, Quante G, Beutner D, - Guntinas-Lichius O. Lymphatic malformations of the head and neck. introduction of - a disease score for children, Cologne Disease Score (CDS). Int J Pediatr - Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 Jul;70(7).1205-12. Epub 2006 Feb 7.
80. Zheng JW, Qin ZP, Zhang ZY. [Management of lymphatic malformations in oral - and maxillofacial regions. the rationale according to the new classification]. - Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2005 Dec;14(6).553-6. Chinese.
81. Harsha WJ, Perkins JA, Lewis CW, Manning SC. Pediatric admissions and - procedures for lymphatic malformations in the United States. 1997 and 2000. - Lymphat Res Biol. 2005 Summer;3(2).58-65.
82. Smith RJ. Lymphatic malformations. Lymphat Res Biol. 2004;2(1).25-31. Review. -
83. Bloom DC, Perkins JA, Manning SC. Management of lymphatic malformations. Curr - Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Dec;12(6).500-4. Review.
84. Zayani Z, Ben Salah M, Katar A, Hamza R, Ferjaoui M. [Cervico-facial - lymphatic malformations in adults]. Tunis Med. 2004 Jun;82(6).546-50. French. -
85. Wang Z, Li Q, Huang GS, Liu SJ, Guo HZ, Zhang J, Cheng H, Xu J, - Barenboim-Stapleton L, Ried T. Clinical report of congenital lymphatic - malformations and partial gigantism of the hands associated with a heterogeneous  - karyotype. Am J Med Genet A. 2005 Jan 1;132A(1).106-7.
86. Wheeler JS, Morreau P, Mahadevan M, Pease P. OK-432 and lymphatic - malformations in children. the Starship Children's Hospital experience. ANZ J - Surg. 2004 Oct;74(10).855-8.
87. Naidu SI, McCalla MR. Lymphatic malformations of the head and neck in adults. - a case report and review of the literature. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004 - Mar;113(3 Pt 1).218-22. Review.
88. Long AE, Brown K. Lymphatic malformations. J La State Med Soc. 2003 - Nov-Dec;155(6).302-5. Review.
89. Hilab S, Enjolras O, Carlotti A, Wassef M, Wetterwald E, Escande JP. - [Combined capillary and lymphatic malformations]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2002 - Mar;129(3).352-3. French.
90. Svendsen PA, Wikholm G, Rodriguez M, Enoksson P, Frisén L, Strömland K, - Seregard S. Direct puncture and sclerotherapy with sotradecol ((r)) . Orbital - lymphatic malformations. Interv Neuroradiol. 2001 Sep 30;7(3).193-9. Epub 2001 - Oct 15.
91. Hamoir M, Plouin-Gaudon I, Rombaux P, Francois G, Cornu AS, Desuter G, - Clapuyt P, Debauche C, Verellen G, Beguin C. Lymphatic malformations of the head  - and neck. a retrospective review and a support for staging. Head Neck. 2001 - Apr;23(4).326-37.
92. Selva D, Strianese D, Bonavolonta G, Rootman J. Orbital venous-lymphatic - malformations (lymphangiomas) mimicking cavernous hemangiomas. Am J Ophthalmol. - 2001 Mar;131(3).364-70.
93. Kern S, Niemeyer C, Darge K, Merz C, Laubenberger J, Uhl M. Differentiation - of vascular birthmarks by MR imaging. An investigation of hemangiomas, venous and - lymphatic malformations. Acta Radiol. 2000 Sep;41(5).453-7.
94. Lakshman R, Finn A. Lymphopenia in lymphatic malformations. Arch Dis Child. - 2000 Sep;83(3).276.
95. Lin JI, Fisher J, Caty MG. Newborn intraabdominal cystic lymphatic - malformations. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2000 Aug;9(3).141-5. Review.
96. Davies D, Rogers M. Morphology of lymphatic malformations. a pictorial - review. Australas J Dermatol. 2000 Feb;41(1).1-5; quiz 6-7. Review.
97. Davies D, Rogers M, Lam A, Cooke-Yarborough C. Localized microcystic - lymphatic malformations--ultrasound diagnosis. Pediatr Dermatol. 1999 - Nov-Dec;16(6).423-9. Review.
98. Hennekam RC, Kwa VI, van Amerongen A. Arteriovenous and lymphatic - malformations, linear verrucous epidermal nevus and mild overgrowth. another - hamartoneoplastic syndrome? Clin Dysmorphol. 1999 Apr;8(2).111-5.
99. Katz SE, Rootman J, Vangveeravong S, Graeb D. Combined venous lymphatic - malformations of the orbit (so-called lymphangiomas). Association with - noncontiguous intracranial vascular anomalies. Ophthalmology. 1998 - Jan;105(1).176-84.
100. Raveh E, de Jong AL, Taylor GP, Forte V. Prognostic factors in the treatment - of lymphatic malformations. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997 - Oct;123(10).1061-5.
101. Fageeh N, Manoukian J, Tewfik T, Schloss M, Williams HB, Gaskin D. - Management of head and neck lymphatic malformations in children. J Otolaryngol. - 1997 Aug;26(4).253-8.
102. Lille ST, Rand RP, Tapper D, Gruss JS. The surgical management of giant - cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. J Pediatr Surg. 1996 Dec;31(12).1648-50.
103. Swinn MJ, Hargreaves DG. Consequences of lymphatic malformations in the - Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome. J R Soc Med. 1996 Feb;89(2).106P-7P.
104. Witt PD, Martin DS, Marsh JL. Aesthetic considerations in extirpation of - melolabial lymphatic malformations in children. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1995 - Jul;96(1).48-57.
105. de Serres LM, Sie KC, Richardson MA. Lymphatic malformations of the head and - neck. A proposal for staging. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995 - May;121(5).577-82.
106. April MM, Rebeiz EE, Friedman EM, Healy GB, Shapshay SM. Laser therapy for - lymphatic malformations of the upper aerodigestive tract. An evolving experience. - Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1992 Feb;118(2).205-8.
107. Herbreteau D, Riche MC, Enjolras O, Lemarchand F, Brette MD, Laurian C, - Merland JJ. [Cystic lymphatic malformations and their treatment]. J Mal Vasc. - 1992;17(1).54-6. French.
108. Colonna M, Amadeo G, Ferlazzo G, Signorini M, Grappolini S, Klinger M, - Candiani P. Multicystic lymphatic malformations of the penis. Report of two - cases. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 1992;26(2).235-8.
109. Herbreteau D, Guichard JP, Gobin YP, Aymard A, Casasco A, Borsik M, Houdard  - E, Enjolras O, Riche MC, Reizine D, et al. [Cystic lymphatic malformations of the - head and neck. Role of interventional radiology]. Ann Otolaryngol Chir - Cervicofac. 1992;109(5).258-63. French.
110. Fonkalsrud EW. A syndrome of congenital lymphedema of the upper extremity - and associated systemic lymphatic malformations. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1977 - Aug;145(2).228-34.
111. Deparis M, Quevauvilliers J. [Edema of the lower limbs caused by lymphatic - malformations]. Presse Med. 1966 Oct 15;74(43).2217-9. French.
112. Sanvitale L, Spampinato N. [Lymphangiographic aspects of congenital - lymphatic malformations of the extremities]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol. 1965 - Jul-Aug;28(1).175-84. Italian.