Intestinal Metaplasia
Helicobacter pylori-induced epithelial cell signalling in gastric carcinogenesis 
Manoj Kumar
http://www.pitt.edu 
Atrophic gastritides
http://www.pathology.med.
Some Medical Implications of Metaplasia
http://wberesford.hsc.wvu.edu/ 
Histologic Variants of Urothelial Carcinoma
Jeremy S. Miller, MD
http://www.georgiahealth.edu 
Benign and Malignant Esophageal Neoplasms, Perforation, Caustic Ingestion
Sara Runge, MD
http://www.medschool.ucsf.edu 
Gastric Cancer 
Matt White
https://medicine.med.unc.edu 
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett’s Esophagus 
Ryan D. Madanick, MD
https://medicine.med.unc.edu 
Helicobacter pylori – the good, the bad and the ugly. 
Kerry Williams, MD
http://hematology.im.wustl.
G.I. Pathology 
http://student.ttuhsc.edu 
GI Pathology, Case 1
http://zoomify.lumc.edu 
Disorders of the Esophagus
Adriana Acurio M.D.
http://cmspath.edu/ 
Clinical Relevance of the Helicobacter pylori gene for blood-group antigen-binding adhesin 
Gerhard, M., Lehn, N., et al.
http://snhs-plin.barry.edu 
204 Published articles articles on Intestinal Metaplasia
- Expression of MUC5AC and Trefoil Peptide 1 (TFF1) in the Subtypes of Intestinal Metaplasia.
 - Expression and significance of p53 and mdm2 in atypical intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma.
 - Chronic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia: clinico-statistical, histological and immunohistochemical study.
 - Relation between reflux of bile acids into the stomach and gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia in biopsy specimens.
 - Age, smoking and overweight contribute to the development of intestinal metaplasia of the cardia.
 - MicroRNAs up-regulated by CagA of Helicobacter pylori induce intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelial cells.
 - Expression of CDX2 and villin in gastric cardiac intestinal metaplasia and the relation with gastric cardiac carcinogenesis.
 - Follow-up of intestinal metaplasia in the stomach: When, how and why.
 - The Role of CDX2 in Intestinal Metaplasia Evaluated Using Immunohistochemistry.
 - Operative link for gastritis assessment vs operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment.
 - Gastric juice prostaglandins and peptide growth factors as potential markers of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer: their potential clinical implications based on this pilot study.
 - Helicobacter pylori with stronger intensity of CagA phosphorylation lead to an increased risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia and cancer.
 - CDX1 and CDX2 expression in intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric cancer.
 - Epidemiology and natural history of intestinal metaplasia of the gastroesophageal junction and Barrett's esophagus: a population-based study.
 - Detection of intestinal metaplasia after successful eradication of Barrett's Esophagus with radiofrequency ablation.
 - Non-sequential narrow band imaging for targeted biopsy and monitoring of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Long-term administration of the fungus toxin, sterigmatocystin, induces intestinal metaplasia and increases the proliferative activity of PCNA, p53, and MDM2 in the gastric mucosa of aged Mongolian gerbils.
 - Magnification endoscopy and chromoendoscopy in evaluation of specialized intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's Esophagus.
 - Short-segment Barrett's esophagus and cardia intestinal metaplasia: A comparative analysis.
 - Intestinal metaplasia of the renal pelvis.
 - CDX2 autoregulation in human intestinal metaplasia of the stomach: impact on the stability of the phenotype.
 - Is the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction different in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis?
 - Intestinal metaplasia -the effect of Acid on the gastric mucosa and gastric carcinogenesis-.
 - Lack of clinical usefulness of Das-1 monoclonal antibody and mucin expression as risk markers of gastric carcinoma in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Narrow band imaging for the detection of gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia during surveillance endoscopy.
 - Inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms increase the risk of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Pathology of gastric intestinal metaplasia: clinical implications.
 - Serum leptin and adiponectin levels and risk of Barrett's esophagus and intestinal metaplasia of the gastroesophageal junction.
 - Expression of p53, c-erbB-2 and Ki67 in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma.
 - Adenomatous polyp with intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus (Barrett esophagus) in a dog.
 - Increased lysozyme expression in gastric biopsies with intestinal metaplasia and pseudopyloric metaplasia.
 - Genetic factors associated with intestinal metaplasia in a high risk Singapore-Chinese population: a cohort study.
 - MUC2 mucin is a major carrier of the cancer-associated sialyl-Tn antigen in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinomas.
 - Helicobacter pylori induces gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia through the inhibition of interleukin-4-mediated HMG box protein Sox2 expression.
 - Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome.
 - Host Wnt/beta-catenin pathway triggered by Helicobacter pylori correlates with regression of gastric intestinal metaplasia after H. pylori eradication.
 - The Expression of Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) on Helicobacter pylori-Infected Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer.
 - Amphiregulin-deficient mice develop spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Lack of clinical usefulness of Das-1 monoclonal antibody and mucin expression as risk markers of gastric carcinoma in patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - [The prevalence of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia according to gender, age and Helicobacter pylori infection in a rural population].
 - Analysis of R213R and 13494 g-->a polymorphisms of the p53 gene in individuals with esophagitis, intestinal metaplasia of the cardia and Barrett's Esophagus compared with a control group.
 - Expression of UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6 in gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinoma.
 - Intestinal metaplasia in gallbladders: prevalence study.
 - Systematic review of the prevalence of gastric intestinal metaplasia and its area-level association with smoking.
 - Barrett's esophagus and cardiac intestinal metaplasia: two conditions within the same spectrum.
 - Clinicopathologic implications of genetic instability in intestinal-type gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia as a precancerous lesion: proof of field cancerization in the stomach.
 - CDX2 and villin are useful markers of intestinal metaplasia in the diagnosis of Barrett esophagus.
 - [Clinical observation of Zhihua Decoction in treatment of atrophic gastritis complicated by intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia: a report of 78 cases].
 - How useful is histologic confirmation of intestinal metaplasia in patients with long-segment Barrett's esophagus?
 - [Histological changes of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication].
 - Telomere shortening and chromosomal abnormalities in intestinal metaplasia of the urinary bladder.
 - CDX2 expression is progressively decreased in human gastric intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and cancer.
 - Genetic Mechanisms and Aberrant Gene Expression during the Development of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia and Adenocarcinoma.
 - Prevalence and topography of intestinal metaplasia in columnar lined esophagus.
 - Indefinite for non-invasive neoplasia lesions in gastric intestinal metaplasia: the immunophenotype.
 - [Microarray analysis of multiple gene expression in intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis].
 - [Gene expression profiling using oligonucleotide microarray in atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia].
 - Smoking, Helicobacter pylori virulence, and type of intestinal metaplasia in Portuguese males.
 - Chronic celecoxib users more often show regression of gastric intestinal metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication.
 - Sporadic ganglioneuromatosis of esophagogastric junction in a patient with gastro-esophageal reflux disorder and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Identifying intestinal metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction by using optical coherence tomography.
 - Short segment Barrett's esophagus and distal gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Methylation of multiple genes in gastric glands with intestinal metaplasia: A disorder with polyclonal origins.
 - -765G > C COX-2 polymorphism may be a susceptibility marker for gastric adenocarcinoma in patients with atrophy or intestinal metaplasia.
 - K-ras mutations and cell kinetics in Helicobacter pylori associated gastric intestinal metaplasia: a comparison before and after eradication in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
 - Divergent pathway of intestinal metaplasia and cystitis glandularis of the urinary bladder.
 - Effects of long-term rofecoxib on gastric intestinal metaplasia: results of a randomized controlled trial.
 - Diagnostic accuracy of magnifying chromoendoscopy with detection of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia using acetic acid in Barrett's esophagus.
 - Acetic acid-enhanced magnification endoscopy in the diagnosis of specialized intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett's oesophagus.
 - Aberrant maspin expression in gallbladder epithelium is associated with intestinal metaplasia in patients with cholelithiasis.
 - [Expression of intestine-specific transcription factor CDX2 in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma].
 - Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia in subjects who had undergone surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma in Northwest Italy.
 - Urokinase system expression in gastric carcinoma: prognostic impact in an independent patient series and first evidence of predictive value in preoperative biopsy and intestinal metaplasia specimens.
 - Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 3-year follow-up study.
 - Distinction between short-segment Barrett's esophageal and cardiac intestinal metaplasia.
 - Risk factors associated with the development of intestinal metaplasia in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients.
 - Extensive intestinal metaplasia in gastric carcinoma and in other lesions requiring surgery: a study of 3,421 gastrectomy specimens from dwellers of the Atlantic and Pacific basins.
 - Gastric heterotopia together with intestinal metaplasia in the gallbladder: case report and review of literature.
 - Mucin phenotypic expression and p53 gene abnormality of gastric super-minute well-differentiated adenocarcinoma: re-evaluation with relationship between histogenesis of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and intestinal metaplasia in distal stomach.
 - Long-term follow-up in atrophic body gastritis patients: atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are persistent lesions irrespective of Helicobacter pylori infection.
 - Histochemical studies on intestinal metaplasia adjacent to gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in subjects at high-incidence area in Henan, north China.
 - Relationship between beta-catenin expression and epithelial cell proliferation in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia.
 - Cell proliferation and apoptosis in gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Human defensin 5 expression in intestinal metaplasia of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
 - Intestinal metaplasia with a high salt diet induces epithelial proliferation and alters cell composition in the gastric mucosa of mice.
 - Evaluation of initial and deeper sections of esophageal biopsy specimens for detection of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Gastritis-associated adenocarcinoma and intestinal metaplasia in a Syrian hamster naturally infected with Helicobacter species.
 - Influence of various proton pump inhibitors on intestinal metaplasia in noneradicated Helicobacter pylori patients.
 - The interplay between Helicobacter pylori, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Helicobacter pylori infection, glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in superficial gastritis, gastric erosion, erosive gastritis, gastric ulcer and early gastric cancer.
 - Pericryptal fibroblast sheath in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma.
 - Helicobacter-induced intestinal metaplasia in the stomach correlates with Elk-1 and serum response factor induction of villin.
 - Validity of serum pepsinogen I/II ratio for the diagnosis of gastric epithelial dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia during the follow-up of patients at risk for intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma.
 - Development of gastric carcinoma from intestinal metaplasia in Cdx2-transgenic mice.
 - Extended intestinal metaplasia. A survey of 1392 gastrectomies from dwellers of the Pacific basin.
 - [Expression of Cdx-2 homeobox gene in intestinal metaplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma].
 - The relation of Helicobacter pylori with intestinal metaplasia, gastric atrophy and BCL-2.
 - Gene expression profiling in Barrett's esophagus and cardia intestinal metaplasia: a comparative analysis using cDNA microarray.
 - Barrett's oesophagus with predominant intestinal metaplasia correlates with superficial cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression, increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis: changes that are partially reversed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs usage.
 - Cdx1 induced intestinal metaplasia in the transgenic mouse stomach: comparative study with Cdx2 transgenic mice.
 - Factors predicting progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia: results of a randomised trial on Helicobacter pylori eradication.
 - Gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Alteration of E-cadherin expression in gastric mucosa: role of intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection.
 - [Specialized intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux disease: prevalence and clinico-demographic features].
 - Aberrant expression of CDX2 is closely related to the intestinal metaplasia and MUC2 expression in intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver in hepatolithiasis.
 - A follow up model for patients with atrophic chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.
 - The utility of cytokeratins 7 and 20 (CK7/20) immunohistochemistry in the distinction of short-segment Barrett esophagus from gastric intestinal metaplasia: Is it reliable?
 - Cell cycle regulation in patients with intestinal metaplasia at the gastro-oesophageal junction.
 - Intestinal metaplasia: evolution after Helicobacter pylori eradication and influence in the success of eradicating therapy.
 - Phenotypic differences between esophageal and gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - The association of short segment Barrett's esophagus with intestinal metaplasia in stomach.
 - Cell-type-specific repression of the maspin gene is disrupted frequently by demethylation at the promoter region in gastric intestinal metaplasia and cancer cells.
 - Aberrant CpG island hypermethylation of chronic gastritis, in relation to aging, gender, intestinal metaplasia, and chronic inflammation.
 - Detection of sulfated glycoproteins in intestinal metaplasia: a comparison of traditional mucin staining with immunohistochemistry for the sulfo-Lewis(a) carbohydrate epitope.
 - Gastric intestinal metaplasia as detected by a monoclonal antibody is highly associated with gastric adenocarcinoma.
 - MUC1 polymorphism confers increased risk for intestinal metaplasia in a Colombian population with chronic gastritis.
 - Increased apoptosis in gastric mucosa adjacent to intestinal metaplasia.
 - Intracellular and interstitial expression of Helicobacter pylori virulence genes in gastric precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma.
 - Helicobacter pylori babA2, cagA, and s1 vacA genes work synergistically in causing intestinal metaplasia.
 - Helicobacter pylori and telomerase activity in intestinal metaplasia of the stomach.
 - Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction in young patients with or without Helicobacter pylori infection.
 - Magnification chromoendoscopy for the detection of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus.
 - Is intestinal metaplasia of the stomach reversible?
 - Risk of gastric carcinoma in patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Cytokeratin immunoreactivity of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy improves atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 5-year prospective study of patients with atrophic gastritis.
 - p53 mutations and microsatellite instabilities in the subtype of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach.
 - Bile reflux gastritis and intestinal metaplasia at the cardia.
 - Review article: intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinogenesis.
 - Utilization of cytokeratins 7 and 20 does not differentiate between Barrett's esophagus and gastric cardiac intestinal metaplasia.
 - Intestinal metaplasia with dysplasia in pelvis of a horse-shoe kidney.
 - Cytokeratin expression patterns in noncardia, intestinal metaplasia-associated gastric adenocarcinoma: implication for the evaluation of intestinal metaplasia and tumors at the esophagogastric junction.
 - Intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus or esophagogastric junction: evidence of distinct clinical, pathologic, and histochemical staining features.
 - Induction of intestinal metaplasia in stomach of dogs and expression of tumor-related proteins in animal gastric mucosa lesions.
 - Collagenous gastritis: a long-term follow-up with the development of endocrine cell hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia, and epithelial changes indeterminate for dysplasia.
 - Cytokeratin immunoreactivity of intestinal metaplasia at normal oesophagogastric junction indicates its aetiology.
 - Endoscopic surveillance of columnar-lined esophagus: frequency of intestinal metaplasia detection and impact of antireflux surgery.
 - Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on expression of cyclin D2 and p27 in gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Apoptosis and proliferation in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Gastric intestinal metaplasia: subtypes and natural history.
 - Prolonged measurement of lower oesophageal sphincter function in patients with intestinal metaplasia at the oesophagogastric junction.
 - The subtleties of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Prospects for intervention in gastric carcinogenesis: reversibility of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.
 - Comparison of precancerous conditions: atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori gastritis among Chinese and Dutch patients.
 - Heterotopic gastric mucosa together with intestinal metaplasia and moderate dysplasia in the gall bladder: report of two clinically unusual cases with literature review.
 - Intestinal metaplasia in patients with columnar lined esophagus is associated with high levels of duodenogastroesophageal reflux.
 - Gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in Syrian hamsters infected with Helicobacter aurati and two other microaerobes.
 - Gastric cardia intestinal metaplasia: biopsy follow-up of 85 patients.
 - Ascorbic acid and intestinal metaplasia in the stomach: a prospective, randomized study.
 - The location and frequency of intestinal metaplasia at the esophagogastric junction in 223 consecutive autopsies: implications for patient treatment and preventive strategies in Barrett's esophagus.
 - Expression of metallothionein II in intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and gastric cancer.
 - Columnar mucosa and intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus: fifty years of controversy.
 - Expression of an intestine-specific transcription factor (CDX1) in intestinal metaplasia and in subsequently developed intestinal type of cholangiocarcinoma in rat liver.
 - Microsatellite instability in gastric intestinal metaplasia in patients with and without gastric cancer.
 - Relative risk of dysplasia for patients with intestinal metaplasia in the distal oesophagus and in the gastric cardia.
 - Complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia at the oesophagogastric junction: prevalences and associations with endoscopic erosive oesophagitis and gastritis.
 - Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to areas of type II intestinal metaplasia in Korean gastric mucosa.
 - Mutagenic activation of environmental carcinogens by microsomes of gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia.
 - Study of gastric carcinomas with special reference to intestinal metaplasia.
 - Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic active gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric ulcer in Mongolian gerbils.
 - Intestinal metaplasia of human stomach displays distinct patterns of mucin (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6) expression.
 - The impact of an antireflux procedure on intestinal metaplasia of the cardia.
 - Intestinal metaplasia at the gastro-oesophageal junction: Helicobacter pylori gastritis or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
 - Overexpression of p53 in different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer.
 - Gastric cancer risk in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection and subtypes of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Short segments of Barrett's epithelium and intestinal metaplasia in normal appearing oesophagogastric junctions: the same or two different entities?
 - Intestinal metaplasia and the squamocolumnar junction: what does it all mean?
 - Altered microsatellites in incomplete-type intestinal metaplasia adjacent to primary gastric cancers.
 - Intestinal metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction in patients attending for diagnostic gastroscopy.
 - Inflammation and specialized intestinal metaplasia of cardiac mucosa is a manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
 - Decrease of ornithine decarboxylase activity in premalignant gastric mucosa and regression of small intestinal metaplasia in patients supplemented with high doses of vitamin E.
 - Lewis, secretor, and ABO phenotypes, and sulfomucin expression in gastric intestinal metaplasia.
 - Immunohistochemical evaluation of keratin 20 expression in intestinal metaplasia types I to III.
 - Inverse relation of serum Helicobacter pylori antibody titres and extent of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Demonstration of a field defect in gastric intestinal metaplasia by biological marker analysis.
 - [Gastric ulcer and patterns of distribution of intestinal metaplasia in the elderly].
 - Bile reflux and intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa.
 - Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: correlation with gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and tumour histology.
 - Subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori.
 - Gastric intestinal metaplasia in ethnic groups in the southwestern United States.
 - Intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori: an endoscopic bioptic study of the gastric antrum.
 - Detection of an increased incidence of early gastric cancer in patients with intestinal metaplasia type III who are closely followed up.
 - Variants of intestinal metaplasia in the evolution of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer. A follow up study.
 - Is intestinal metaplasia a risk for gastric carcinoma?
 - Method to quantitate intestinal metaplasia of stomach by image analysis.
 - Limited value of type III intestinal metaplasia in predicting risk of gastric carcinoma.
 - Relationship of erosive gastritis to the acid secreting area and intestinal metaplasia, and the healing effect of pirenzepine.
 - [Aging signs in the gastrointestinal tract--endoscopic diagnosis and the significance of gastric intestinal metaplasia].
 - Histopathogenesis of intestinal metaplasia: minute lesions of intestinal metaplasia in ulcerated stomachs.
 - Incomplete sulphomucin-secreting intestinal metaplasia for gastric cancer. Preliminary data from a prospective study from three centres.
 - Intestinal metaplasia in endoscopic biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa.
 - Age-related trends of gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in gastric carcinoma patients and in controls representing the population at large.
 - Independent induction of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer in rats treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
 - Aroclor 1254-induced intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma in the glandular stomach of F344 rats.
 - Role of intestinal metaplasia in the histogenesis of gastric carcinoma.
 - Endocrine cells in the intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa.
 - A study of gastric carcinoma among Koreans with special reference to the pathogenetic relation of intestinal metaplasia.
 - Blood group activity of human sucrase from intestinal metaplasia.
 - Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma of the stomach.
 - [Aging and appearance of intestinal metaplasia in chronic gastritis].
 - ABO blood groups, rhesus factor and intestinal metaplasia of the stomach.
 - Cytological studies on the enterochromaffin cells in the intestinal metaplasia.
 - Carcinoma arising from areas of intestinal metaplasia in the gastric mucosa.
 - Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa.
 

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