Acute Inflammation

Acute Inflammation

Some Terms to Understand

Acute inflammation = a stereotyped response to recent or ongoing injury. Although the process is complex, the principal features are dilatation and leaking of vessels, and involvement of circulating neutrophils.

Chronic inflammation ("late-phase inflammation") = a response to prolonged problems, orchestrated by T-helper lymphocytes. It may feature recruitment and activation of T- and B-lymphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and/or fibroblasts. Again, the process is complex. You will recognize lymphocytes in tissue section by their small, "blue button" nuclei.

Granulomas are seen in certain chronic inflammation situations. They are clusters of macrophages that have stuck tightly together, typically to wall something off. Such macrophages are called epithelioid cells. You will recognize granulomas in tissue sections by their characteristic appearance, or the presence of giant cells.

Fibrin is fibrinogen released from damaged vessels, and activated by the clotting cascades when blood meets tissue juices. Fibrin forms the meshwork that controls bleeding, and then becomes the framework for fibroblasts and angioblasts that will form the scar. Until the new scar is complete, the whole meshwork of immature scar is called granulation tissue. When the scar has matured, it contracts.

Inflammation Overveiw
Chemical & Cellular Mediators
Acute vs Chronic Inflammation
Causes of Inflammation
Clinical Signs
Microscopic features of inflammation
Mechanisms of - Vascular Permeability
Chemotaxis (migration along a chemical gradient)
Cellular Events
Phagocytosis
Chemical Mediators of inflammation
Vasoactive Amines
Histamine
Complement System
Kinin System, Coagulation System & Fibrinolytic System
Kinin System Activation
Coagulation (Clotting) System
Fibrinolytic System
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites
Platelet-Activating Factor
Cytokines
Cellular Mediators
Reaction to Acute Inflammation

Acute Inflammation.ppt